Natural gas and renewables will power country's economic growth
Natural gas and renewable energy are poised for boom times in China over the coming decades, and they'll be key factors in the development of the nation's economy, a global energy agency said on Wednesday.
China's natural gas consumption will quadruple by 2035, becoming a driver of global demand for the fuel, according to a report released by the International Energy Agency in Beijing.
China consumed 147.1 billion cubic meters of natural gas in 2012, up 13 percent year-on-year.
"The rapid development of unconventional natural gas will continue to benefit North America, which is looking for opportunities to export these resources in the form of liquefied natural gas," said Maria van der Hoeven, executive director of the Paris-based IEA.
China is the largest potential buyer of that LNG.
Along with eastern Africa, Australia and North America, China will be an active participant in global natural gas trading, which will propel diversification of that market.
In most parts of the world, it's cheaper to generate electricity with coal than with natural gas.
But efforts to cut air pollution, address climate change and improve energy efficiency will determine the future of these two fuels.
There's no doubt that China's coal consumption will ease as the central government strives to raise the percentage of natural gas in its primary energy mix, the report said.
According to the IEA, China's coal use will peak in 2025. India will become the world's largest coal importer in the 2020s, replacing China.
China's natural gas development is playing a big role in the country's drive to improve its air quality.
"China's natural gas output has maintained double-digit growth in recent years, with an average annual growth rate of about 13 percent in the past 10 years," said Zhou Jiping, chairman of China National Petroleum Corp, the country's largest natural gas producer.
He said that the company will continue to increase natural gas imports, with more investments in pipelines and LNG projects.
The company, which operates about 70 percent of China's natural gas pipelines, invested about 300 billion yuan ($49 billion) from 2010 to 2013 in pipeline construction.
The nation's natural gas pipeline network totals about 55,000 kilometers. But Zhou said it still lags those of developed countries.
Renewable energy will account for half of the increase in global electricity generation by 2035, with wind and solar power to account for 45 percent of the increase among renewables, said the report.
China will be the biggest country in terms of renewable generation by 2035, producing more electricity through those methods than the European Union, the United States and Japan combined.
"China is working hard to raise its renewable energy use among the total mix, aiming to improve the country's air quality and cut emissions," said Gu Jun, deputy director of the international division of the National Energy Administration.
China isn't a member of the IEA, but Gu said that China will work more closely with the agency on energy issues.
The IEA and six emerging economies — China, India, Russia, South Africa, Brazil and Indonesia — have signed a joint declaration involving closer cooperation with regard to global energy challenges.
"As the global energy map is redrawn, the IEA's 28 member countries face many of the same energy challenges as key emerging economies, and we all share a common interest in building a secure, sustainable energy future," said Van der Hoeven.
"This is why the IEA has always attached such high importance to working with such dynamic countries outside our membership as China."
